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VoIP, Overview
68
Overview
VoIP
These days, the question isn’t if you should move to a VoIP system, but when.
Although VoIP systems have been commonplace in larger organizations,
they are now becoming more affordable and practical for small- to medium-
sized businesses (SMBs) to implement. VoIP systems benefit everyone from
telecommuters to the managers and users of large call centers.
oving towards VoIP.
More and more companies are migrating
from a traditional private branch exchange
(PBX) telephony system to a voice-over-IP
(VoIP) system. These converged networks
take advantage of IP communications to
better manage and transmit voice, data,
images, video, e -mail, faxes, and more.
What is VoIP?
A cost-saving alternative to traditional
telephony service, VoIP delivers voice calls
over a data network that uses packet
switching instead of circuit switching.
There are different types of VoIP
networks. Calls can be “Internet telephony,”
that is, sent over the public Internet, or
“enterprise IP,” which are calls originating
on the corporate IP network and sent over
the corporate intranet, or a combination of
the intranet and a Public Switched Network
(PTSN). The latter is called an IP PBX system.
VoIP options.
The best VoIP option for you depends on
the size of your organization, the number
of users, how many locations you have,
etc. There are two basic types of offerings:
hosted services or on-premises services, also
called customer premise equipment (CPE)
services.
Large organizations typically use CPE
systems where the equipment is physically
on-site. These offer much greater control
over features and capabilities, but they also
require a much greater initial capital outlay.
Small businesses usually use hosted services
as they’re easier to manage and have a
much smaller initial capital expenditure.
VoIP offerings include:
Converged voice/data. There are basic
VoIP systems using existing phone systems.
The most basic are software-based, such as
Skype
®
. As software-based systems continue
to grow and mature, they are becoming
more appealing to the SMB market.
Hosted IP PBX. In a hosted system, the
service provider, rather than the end user,
deploys a PBX system. The end user needs
to purchase IP phones, but not a PBX.
Managed IP PBX. This is an on-site
VoIP system including the system, services,
and support. It requires a greater capital
expenditure but it gives the user a flexible
call routing platform, management of PBX
functions, and centralized call routing.
Session Initiation Protocol (SIP)
trunks. A much newer technology, SIP
trunks enable converged IP applications
within and outside the enterprise. SIP
trunks offer significant savings, eliminating
the need for local PSTN gateways. They
also offer maximum control of multimedia
communication sessions over an IP network.
VoIP considerations.
VoIP depends on having a fast, reliable
network to operate. A fast connection with
guaranteed bandwidth is not a problem
in a corporate intranet. But if you’re using
the Internet for VoIP, you’re using a public
network that may be subject to slowdowns.
The quality of your connection may be
unacceptable when Web usage is high.
You may face many of the same
challenges experienced with sending high-
resolution video over a LAN, especially if it’s
a converged voice/video/data application.
Therefore, you’ll need to test the speed of
connections and the network for available
bandwidth, and have the ability to prioritize
switched packets for QoS delivery.
Other common issues with a VoIP system
have to do with latency (resulting in people
speaking over one another), transmission
loss, jitter (common to congested networks
with bursty traffic), and sequence errors,
or changes in the order of packets at the
receiving end that degrades sound quality.
For help setting up a problem-free
VoIP system, talk to Black Box today.
M
724-746-5500
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